To get the stem, remove ‘-re’ from the infinitive form of the verb and add the relevant endings. To form an imperfect passive you need to add these endings to the stem of the verb. The endings for the imperfect passive tense are the same as the other tenses in this group, but they need to be preceded with ‘ ba-’. He/she/it is heard, he/she/it is being heard
Present passive of audio, audire, audivi, auditum (4) to hear Latin The stem for audio, audire, audivi, auditum (4) ‘to hear’ would be ‘ audi–’.įor verbs of the fourth conjugation, you need to add a -u to the stem for the third person plural before adding the ending. Present passive of duco, ducere, duxi, ductum (3) to lead Latin The stem for duco, ducere, duxi, ductum (3) ‘to lead’ would be ‘ duc–’.Īdd ‘-e’ to the stem for the second person singular, ‘-i’ for the third person singular, first person plural and second person plural, and ‘-u’ for the third person plural. To get the stem, remove ‘- ere’ from the infinitive form of the verb. He/she/it is called, he/she/it is being called Present passive of voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum (1) to call Latin The stem for habeo, habere, habui, habitum (2) ‘to have’ would be ‘ habe–’. The stem for voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum (1) ‘to call’ would be ‘ voca–’. To get the stem, remove ‘- re’ from the infinitive form of the verb. To form the first person singular, add the relevant ending, ‘- r’ to the first person singular present active tense, rather than to the stem. To form a present passive verb you need to add the relevant endings to the stem of the verb. The present, imperfect and future tenses all share the endings below. Luckily, however, in most instances the passive endings are similar for all four conjugations.Ĭarta confirmatur – The charter is confirmed.Ĭarta confirmabatur – The charter was being confirmed.Ĭarta confirmabitur – The charter will be confirmed.Ĭarta confirmata est – The charter was / has been confirmed.Ĭarta confirmata erat – The charter had been confirmedĬarta confirmata erit – The charter will have been confirmed. The passive voice occurs in all the tenses. We use this voice to say what happens to the subject.Ĭarta confirmatur – The charter is confirmed.
This means that an action is done to the subject of the sentence. However, we will also encounter verbs in the passive voice. The subject is ‘he’ and the object is ‘charter’. We use this voice to say what the subject does.Ĭartam confirmat – He confirms the charter. This means that someone or something has carried out an action. So far all the verbs that we have encountered have been in what is called the active voice.
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